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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
古法榨糖涅槃重生 “甜蜜”产业助乡村振兴****** (新春走基层)古法榨糖涅槃重生 “甜蜜”产业助乡村振兴 中新网宁德1月26日电 (余汕康 陈容)新春佳节期间，福建省宁德市蕉城区赤溪镇黄田村里，合作社糖蔗种植基地和古法榨糖体验中心随处可见工人收割糖蔗、加工红糖的忙碌身影，空气中糖香四溢。 在黄田村古法榨糖体验中心内，一架木制水车在水流带动下高速运转，并带动上下两个石碾转动碾压一根根新鲜甘蔗。随之，鲜甜蔗汁顺流而出，青绿色的蔗汁沉淀后，便被搬运到灶台进行煮糖。  村民采收甘蔗。 余汕康 摄煮糖灶，是一个巨大的土台子，上面排列着五口铁锅，前一后四。“根据糖水的饱和程度不同及灶腔内前后火力不同，依次调整不同铁锅中的糖汁。”煮糖师傅称，蔗水越煮越稠，水分蒸发殆尽，等到锅内糖浆含水量在十分之一以下时，便可起锅。 起锅火候的掌握，最见功夫。只见煮糖师傅先将手浸于凉水中，赤手快速伸入锅中挖出一小团沸腾的糖浆，再迅速放入凉水中，在水中用手不断揉搓。片刻，一粒略带温热、糯润香甜的“糖蛋”便跃然手掌间。起锅后，师傅将红糖分装，再撒上花生和芝麻，一块块成品红糖便制作完成。  打包红糖。 余汕康 摄“平常春节买糖都认准来自黄田村的红糖，香味醇厚，甜而不腻，没想到榨糖工艺这么精细且复杂。”宁德市民吴女士春节期间带着孩子来到黄田村体验古法榨糖工艺后啧啧称奇，“与孩子一同榨糖不仅增进亲子感情，还能了解榨糖的传统工艺及历史，我觉得很有意义。” 种蔗历史悠久的黄田村，所产手工古法红糖久负盛名。然而，在现代机械化制糖工艺的冲击下，工艺繁杂的黄田村古法榨糖产业也曾一度沉寂。  古法红糖成品。 余汕康 摄为振兴古法榨糖产业，黄田村建成集古法榨糖生产加工、手工体验、文化展示、旅游观光等功能于一体的古法榨糖体验中心，流转土地150余亩作为配套种植糖蔗区，实现了古法榨糖产业涅槃重生。 “黄田村大力发展甘蔗、红糖等特色产业，每年12月至次年新春时节，糖蔗成熟，糖厂就开始热闹起来，我们边制作边销售。”黄田村党支部书记、村主任黄郑为说，目前主要生产方块糖、姜糖、粉糖等多种手工红糖。 除了线下批发零售外，黄田村还尝试线上直播销售，2022年共销售手工红糖逾12吨，总产值24万元，红糖全产业链产值预计为30万到40万元。  黄田村村貌。 余汕康 摄依托赤溪千亩高优农业示范园区，黄田村由党支部牵头与企业开展“村企共建”，通过村集体投资入股、打造“订单农业”等多种新营销模式，推动“企业发展、村财增收、村民致富”三方共赢。 同时，黄田村党支部领班合作社提供蔗苗给村民种植，再向村民回收成熟作物，村民不再需要担心销路问题，充分调动了村民积极性，推动甘蔗、红糖特色产业发展。 “相比以前的单一产业结构，村子收入翻了几番。”黄郑为说，村子总收入从原来的一年十余万元，增长到如今的七十余万元，村民人均年收入达到两万多元。  散装古法红糖。 余汕康 摄乡村特色产业不仅让村民的钱袋子鼓了起来，村容村貌也日新月异。黄田村聚焦基础设施建设，实施河道清淤整治、旧街立面改造、房前屋后美化等一系列乡村治理措施，不断提升乡村“颜值”。 “我们积极推动基础设施建设，探索农文旅融合发展新模式、新业态，激发乡村振兴内生动力。”黄郑为说，如今的黄田村基础设施全面提升、村容村貌焕然一新、村民收入不断增长，实现了一个默默无闻的山区小村庄到省级乡村振兴试点村的华丽转变。(完)
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